$1)\\ C_4H_8:\\ CH_2=CH-CH_2-CH_3:but-1-ene\\ CH_3-CH=CH-CH_3:but-2-ene\\ CH_2=C(CH_3)-CH_3:2-methylpropene\\ 2)\\ a)\ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3+Cl_2\xrightarrow[1:1]{askt} \left[\begin{matrix} CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2Cl\\ CH_3-CH_2-CHCl-CH_3\end{matrix}\right.+HCl\\ b)\ CH_2=CH_2+Br_2\xrightarrow\ CH_2Br-CH_2Br\\ c)\ 3CH_2=CH_2+2KMnO_4+4H_2O\xrightarrow\ 3C_2H_4(OH)_2+2KOH+2MnO_2\\ d)\ CH\equiv C-CH_3+2Br_2\xrightarrow\ CHBr_2-CBr_2-CH_3 $

`1)`

`CH_2=CH-CH_2-CH_3:` but-1-ene

`CH_3-CH=CH-CH_3:` but-2-ene

`CH_2=C(CH_3)-CH_3:` 2-methylprop-1-ene

`2)`

`a)CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3+Cl_2` $\xrightarrow{as}$ \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}CH_3-CHCl-CH_2-CH_3(spc)+HCl\\CH_2Cl-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3(spp)+HCl\end{array} \right.\) 

`b)C_2H_4+Br_2->C_2H_4Br_2`

`c)3C_2H_4+2KMnO_4+4H_2O->3C_2H_4(OH)_2+2MnO_2+2KOH`

`d)CH≡C-CH_3+2Br_2->CHBr_2-CBr_2-CH_3`